Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
Anatomical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2
Biotechnology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
3
Applied Cell Sciences Division, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
4
Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
5
Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
6
Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Abstract
Exosomes (Exos) are extracellular nanovesicles that are released from almost all cells. Events such as disposal of waste proteins, antigen supply, immune response, angiogenesis, inflammation, metastasis, spread of pathogens and many other activities, including the roles of these vesicles, depend on their content in the body. The growth and function of multicellular tissue requires intercellular communication, so Exos are one of the strategies for cellular cross‐talk. Recent studies have shown that during implantation, Exos can participate in the complex dialogue between the embryo and maternal tissues. Here, we review the state of research on exosomes in diseases related to the female reproductive tract, focusing on their biological role in follicogenesis, early embryonic development, as well as the implantation process. Isolation and use of Exos compared to cell therapy has significant advantages, such as: increased stability, reduced contamination of the culture medium, non-rejection of cells due to surface markers participating in the immune system, non-tumorigenesis and reduced problems in maintenance, and their displacement has been noticed in recent years.
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