Stromal/stem Cell-derived Exosomes: Therapeutic Approach for Heart Failure

Document Type : Mini-Review

Authors

1 Cardiologist, Fellowship of Advanced Echocardiography, Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

3 Cardiologist, Fellowship of Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplantation, Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Heart failure remains a notable clinical and public health challenge worldwide. Current treatment modalities have shown limited success in reducing morbidity and mortality rates, highlighting the urgent need for alternative and novel therapeutic approaches. Growing evidence suggests that stem cell-derived exosomes, membrane-bound extracellular vesicles, are emerging as promising candidates for treating heart failure. Exosome released from mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have demonstrated cardioprotective, immunomodulatory, and reparative effects. key advantages include targeted delivery, reduced immunogenicity, decreased tumor formation risk, and improvement storage and transportation feasibility. Despite their promise, challenges such as low production yield, stability concerns, and efficient delivery methods remain. standard methods for exosome isolation and characterization is needed. This mini-review summarizes stem cell-derived exosomes with potential applications in heart failure. Modifying exosome contents by regulating specific microRNA (miRNAs) can modulate communication between cardiac cells, often resulting in improved cardioprotection through various signaling pathways. The underling mechanism of these pathways encompasses enhancing angiogenesis, apoptosis inhibition, and fibrosis reduction.

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Regenerative Biomedicine
Volume 1, Issue 3
July 2025
Pages 216-223

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