The impact of nanofibers on stem cell differentiation to insulin-producing cells

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

2 Behbahan Faculty of Medical sciences, Behbahan, Iran

Abstract

Pancreatic islet transplantation has the potential to treat insulin-dependent diabetes, but challenges such as donor shortages, limited differentiation capacity, and transplantation effectiveness need to be addressed before it can be widely adopted as a usual therapy. Daily insulin injections may save lives, but they do not fully replace the body's natural β cell-regulated blood glucose levels. There is a lot of optimism regarding the potential for this disease to be treated, thanks to the breakthroughs in cell therapy and tissue engineering in the last several decades. The purpose of this review paper is to compile research that has been conducted on the use of nanofibers to differentiate stem cells into insulin-producing cells. Since 2016, research has been going on continuously. The literature review indicated that polylactic acid and polycaprolactone-based scaffolds were the most frequently utilized materials in the experiments, each accounting for 21%. To create insulin-producing cells, this research employed 46% mesenchymal stem cells, 42% induced pluripotent stem cells, 8% endometrial stem cells, and 4% embryonic stem cells. In addition, 46%, 36%, and 18% of mesenchymal stem cells are related to wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cell, adipose-derived stem cells, and conjunctiva derived mesenchymal stem cells, respectively. While limited research has been done, findings indicate that incorporating stem cells into nanofiber scaffolds has the potential to increase the production of insulin-producing cells.

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Regenerative Biomedicine
Volume 1, Issue 1
September 2024
Pages 44-52

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